How Many Molecules of co2, h2o, c2h5oh, and o2 Will Be Present If the Reaction Goes to Completion?

Chemical reactions involve the breaking and formation of chemical bonds between atoms, resulting in the formation of new substances. In order to determine the quantities of reactants and products involved in a chemical reaction, it is necessary to consider the stoichiometry of the reaction, which relates the amounts of reactants and products on a molecular level.

In this article, we will consider the stoichiometry of a reaction involving the combustion of ethanol (C2H5OH) in the presence of oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is as follows:

C2H5OH + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 3H2O

According to the stoichiometry of this equation, one molecule of ethanol reacts with three molecules of oxygen to produce two molecules of carbon dioxide and three molecules of water. Therefore, if the reaction goes to completion, the number of molecules of each substance present will depend on the initial amounts of reactants used.

Assuming that we start with one molecule of ethanol and an excess of oxygen, we can calculate the number of molecules of each substance that will be present at the end of the reaction.

First, we can calculate the number of molecules of oxygen required to react with one molecule of ethanol. From the balanced equation, we know that three molecules of oxygen are required to react with one molecule of ethanol. Therefore, we need three molecules of oxygen for every one molecule of ethanol.

Next, we can calculate the number of molecules of carbon dioxide and water that will be produced by the reaction. From the balanced equation, we know that two molecules of carbon dioxide and three molecules of water are produced for every one molecule of ethanol that reacts. Therefore, we can calculate the number of molecules of each product as follows:

- Carbon dioxide (CO2): 2 molecules of CO2 for every 1 molecule of C2H5OH

- Water (H2O): 3 molecules of H2O for every 1 molecule of C2H5OH

Finally, we can calculate the total number of molecules of each substance that will be present at the end of the reaction. Assuming that we start with one molecule of ethanol and an excess of oxygen, we can calculate the number of molecules of each substance as follows:

- Ethanol (C2H5OH): 0 molecules (since it is completely consumed in the reaction)

- Oxygen (O2): Excess amount remaining

- Carbon dioxide (CO2): 2 molecules

- Water (H2O): 3 molecules

In summary, if the reaction between one molecule of ethanol and an excess of oxygen goes to completion, two molecules of carbon dioxide and three molecules of water will be produced, while the initial molecule of ethanol will be completely consumed. The number of molecules of oxygen present at the end of the reaction will depend on the initial amount used. It is important to note that these calculations assume that the reaction goes to completion, which may not always be the case in practice.